Sidechaining takes one sound and uses it to manipulate another sound. Most often you will see it on compressors, gates, limiters, and expanders.
Vibrato is produced when a note's pitch is repeatedly raised and lowered while the note plays.
Much like a turntablist uses a crossfader to chop up elements of a record into a mix, music software can be used to chop up audio in your song. When used tastefully, this effect makes songs more rhythmic, danceable, and energetic.